BACKGROUND
Sulfuric Acid is a harsh chemical with many uses amongst a range of applications. Notable industries that utilize sulfuric acid are water treatment, paper production, ore processing, oil refining, steel production, and battery production. Liquiflo deals with 93-98% concentrated sulfuric acid for the majority of their project applications. As a longtime distributor of Liquiflo equipment, we have a great understanding of the challenges and nuances involved in safely and efficiently pumping sulfuric acid across various applications. Liquiflo's gear pump models' Alloy-C and 316 SS are suitable for pumping harsh chemicals, making both great options for this application.
CHALLENGES
Handling sulfuric acid presents unique challenges due to its highly corrosive nature and varying physical properties across different concentrations and temperatures. Key challenges include:
- Material Compatibility:
- Ensuring pump components are resistant to corrosion at specific acid concentrations and operating conditions.
- Seal Integrity:
- Preventing leaks and minimizing maintenance costs in systems exposed to harsh chemical environments.
- Pressure and Temperature Management:
- Addressing limitations in material strength and performance under high differential pressures and varying temperatures.
- Operational Safety:
- Mitigating risks associated with the hygroscopic nature of sulfuric acid, which can lead to concentration shifts and increased corrosivity in open systems.
THE SOLUTION
Liquiflo gear pumps provide a highly reliable solution for handling sulfuric acid by addressing the specific challenges posed by its varying concentrations and corrosive nature. The choice of materials of construction is critical, as the compatibility and durability of pump components directly impact performance and longevity.
For sulfuric acid concentrations between 93-100% at ambient temperatures (68°F/20°C), 316 Stainless Steel is an effective and cost-efficient material. However, in situations where humidity exposure might reduce acid concentration, Alloy-C is recommended to prevent potential corrosion. For concentrations below 93%, particularly in the highly corrosive 50-70% range, Alloy-C becomes essential for safe and effective operation.
Sealing systems are another crucial aspect. Mag-drive pumps eliminate the need for mechanical seals, removing common failure points and ensuring a leak-free operation. For applications requiring sealed pumps, Carbon vs. Silicon Carbide (SiC) seals are ideal due to their resistance to wear and extended operational life. The hygroscopic nature of sulfuric acid necessitates careful design to mitigate the risk of acid-induced damage around seals and gland plates.
When it comes to internal components, Teflon is often used for its chemical resistance but has limitations under high pressures due to deformation risks. Kynar (FDA-grade PVDF), with its superior strength and compatibility, is the preferred choice for idler gears in most cases. Similarly, Carbon-60 bearings and wear plates offer enhanced durability and are particularly well-suited for demanding conditions where reliability is paramount.
Liquiflo pumps are capable of managing differential pressures up to 130 PSI, making them versatile for a wide array of sulfuric acid applications. Their precise flow control, combined with tailored material configurations, ensures efficient and safe operation across industries. By partnering with Hagler Process, you benefit from a tailored approach that prioritizes safety, reliability, and performance, ensuring that your sulfuric acid systems operate at optimal efficiency.
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